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Scientific Name | Mesembryanthemum caudatum L.Bolus |
Higher Classification | Dicotyledons |
Family | AIZOACEAE |
Synonyms | Aridaria caudata (L.Bolus) L.Bolus, Nycteranthus caudatus (L.Bolus) Schwantes, Phyllobolus caudatus (L.Bolus) Gerbaulet, Sphalmanthus caudatus (L.Bolus) N.E.Br. |
National Status |
Status and Criteria | Vulnerable D2 |
Assessment Date | 2006/04/05 |
Assessor(s) | D. Raimondo, C. Klak, E. Marinus & S. Todd |
Justification | One disjunct subpopulation in the Hex River Valley is now locally extinct due to fruit orchard cultivation. Four known locations on the Bokkeveld Escarpment near Nieuwoudtville are potentially threatened by alien grass invasion and livestock trampling and grazing. It therefore qualifies as Vulnerable under criterion D. |
Distribution |
Endemism | South African endemic |
Provincial distribution | Northern Cape, Western Cape |
Range | This species is found in the Hex River Valley and Bokkeveld Escarpment. |
Habitat and Ecology |
Major system | Terrestrial |
Major habitats | Breede Shale Renosterveld, Nieuwoudtville Shale Renosterveld, Breede Alluvium Renosterveld, Bokkeveld Sandstone Fynbos, Breede Sand Fynbos, Breede Alluvium Fynbos |
Description | Plants grow on sandy alluvial soils on shale. |
Threats |
| Agriculture is a past, severe threat in Hex River Valley , this area has been transformed due to the planting of orchards. Agriculture is also a severe, past threat in Nieuwoudtivlle with over 50% of the area transformed for wheat, rooibos tea and pasture production. The presence of alien grass is threat at the Maaitjiesfontein locality. Grazing and trampling by livestock is a potential threat for all localities in Nieuwoudtivlle. |
Population |
Population trend | Stable |
Assessment History |
Taxon assessed |
Status and Criteria |
Citation/Red List version | | Phyllobolus caudatus (L.Bolus) Gerbaulet | VU D2 | Raimondo et al. (2009) | |
Bibliography |
Goldblatt, P. and Manning, J.C. 2000. Cape Plants: A conspectus of the Cape Flora of South Africa. Strelitzia 9. National Botanical Institute, Cape Town.
Klak, C. and Bruyns, P.V. 2013. A new infrageneric classification for Mesembryanthemum (Aizoaceae: Mesembryanthemoideae). Bothalia 43(2):197-206.
Raimondo, D., von Staden, L., Foden, W., Victor, J.E., Helme, N.A., Turner, R.C., Kamundi, D.A. and Manyama, P.A. 2009. Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
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Citation |
| Raimondo, D., Klak, C., Marinus, E. & Todd, S. 2006. Mesembryanthemum caudatum L.Bolus. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version . Accessed on 2025/04/13 |
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