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Scientific Name | Mesembryanthemum oculatum N.E.Br. |
Higher Classification | Dicotyledons |
Family | AIZOACEAE |
Synonyms | Amoebophyllum rangei N.E.Br., Aridaria anguinea L.Bolus, Aridaria arenicola L.Bolus, Aridaria fragilis (N.E.Br.) Friedrich, Aridaria oculata (N.E.Br.) L.Bolus, Aridaria pomonae L.Bolus, Aridaria rangei (N.E.Br.) Friedrich, Aridaria scintillans (Dinter) Friedrich, Aridaria varians L.Bolus, Mesembryanthemum crystallino-papillosum Bolus ex Fedde & J.Schust., Mesembryanthemum scintillans Dinter, Nycteranthus anguineus (L.Bolus) Schwantes, Nycteranthus arenicolus (L.Bolus) Schwantes, Nycteranthus fragilis (N.E.Br.) Schwantes, Nycteranthus oculatus (N.E.Br.) Schwantes, Nycteranthus pomonae (L.Bolus) Schwantes, Nycteranthus scintillans (Dinter) Schwantes, Nycteranthus varians (L.Bolus) Schwantes, Perapentacoilanthus scintillans (Dinter) Rappa & Camorrone, Phyllobolus oculatus (N.E.Br.) Gerbaulet, Sphalmanthus anguineus (L.Bolus) L.Bolus, Sphalmanthus arenicolus (L.Bolus) L.Bolus, Sphalmanthus fragilis N.E.Br., Sphalmanthus longipapillatus L.Bolus, Sphalmanthus oculatus (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br., Sphalmanthus pomonae (L.Bolus) L.Bolus, Sphalmanthus scintillans (Dinter) Dinter & Schwantes, Sphalmanthus varians (L.Bolus) L.Bolus |
National Status |
Status and Criteria | Least Concern |
Assessment Date | 2022/07/05 |
Assessor(s) | C. Klak & D. Raimondo |
Justification | A widespread species with an extent of occurrence (EOO) of 92 824 km², it is known from more than 50 locations. While the population is declining as a result of drought-related mortality and loss of habitat to mining, it has not yet declined to the point where it meets any of the thresholds for qualifying under one of the threat categories. It is therefore listed as Least Concern. |
Distribution |
Endemism | Not endemic to South Africa |
Provincial distribution | Northern Cape |
Range | This species has a wide distribution in southwestern Namibia and northwestern Namaqualand. |
Habitat and Ecology |
Major system | Terrestrial |
Major habitats | Desert, Succulent Karoo |
Description | It grows in rocky sites or in sand. |
Threats |
| In some parts of its range it is declining due to habitat loss to mining. It is also experiencing ongoing mortality of mature individuals as a result of the worst drought on record that has taken place across most of its range. The drought started in 2012 and is still ongoing at the time of assessment. |
Population |
Population trend | Decreasing |
Assessment History |
Taxon assessed |
Status and Criteria |
Citation/Red List version | | Phyllobolus oculatus (N.E.Br.) Gerbaulet | Least Concern | Raimondo et al. (2009) | | Sphalmanthus arenicolus (L.Bolus) L.Bolus | Not Threatened | Hilton-Taylor (1996) | | Sphalmanthus arenicolus (L.Bolus) L.Bolus | Uncertain | Hall et al. (1980) | |
Bibliography |
Hall, A.V., De Winter, M., De Winter, B. and Van Oosterhout, S.A.M. 1980. Threatened plants of southern Africa. South African National Scienctific Programmes Report 45. CSIR, Pretoria.
Hilton-Taylor, C. 1996. Red data list of southern African plants. Strelitzia 4. South African National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
Klak, C., Bruyns, P.V. and Hedderson, T.A.J. 2007. A phylogeny and new classification for Mesembryanthemoideae (Aizoaceae). Taxon 56(3):737-756.
Raimondo, D., von Staden, L., Foden, W., Victor, J.E., Helme, N.A., Turner, R.C., Kamundi, D.A. and Manyama, P.A. 2009. Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
Snijman, D.A. 2013. Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region 2: The extra Cape flora. Strelitzia 30. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
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Citation |
| Klak, C. & Raimondo, D. 2022. Mesembryanthemum oculatum N.E.Br. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version . Accessed on 2025/04/13 |
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