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Scientific Name | Echiostachys incanus (Thunb.) Levyns |
Higher Classification | Dicotyledons |
Family | BORAGINACEAE |
Synonyms | Echium incanum Thunb., Lobostemon spicatus H.Buek, Lobostemon splendens H.Buek |
Common Names | Bottlebrush (e) |
National Status |
Status and Criteria | Vulnerable A2ac; B1ab(ii,iii,iv,v) |
Assessment Date | 2019/02/21 |
Assessor(s) | N.A. Helme & D. Raimondo |
Justification | EOO 14 900 km², this species grows in a very specialized habitat and subpopulations are typically isolated. Agriculture and urban development has led to high levels of habitat loss over the last decade and before. Leaving current extant subpopulations occurring on small isolated fragments. Based on the observed habitat loss over the past 10 years and the loss of known historic records from herbaria, we infer that there has been a 30% decline in the past 60 years. Generation length is suspected to be 20 years as the plants have large woody tubers. Loss to urban expansion and agriculture is ongoing. |
Distribution |
Endemism | South African endemic |
Provincial distribution | Western Cape |
Range | Clanwilliam to Swellendam. |
Habitat and Ecology |
Major system | Terrestrial |
Major habitats | Swartland Shale Renosterveld, Citrusdal Shale Renosterveld, Central Ruens Shale Renosterveld, Western Ruens Shale Renosterveld, Swartland Granite Renosterveld, Greyton Shale Fynbos, Cape Winelands Shale Fynbos, Breede Shale Fynbos, Breede Sand Fynbos, Cape Flats Sand Fynbos, Atlantis Sand Fynbos, Lourensford Alluvium Fynbos, Swartland Alluvium Fynbos |
Description | Seasonally damp clay flats, sometimes overlain by sands. |
Threats |
| Pollution (affecting habitat and/or species), Invasive Alien Species (direct effects), Harvesting [gathering], Habitat loss, Habitat degradation |
Population |
Population trend | Decreasing |
Assessment History |
Taxon assessed |
Status and Criteria |
Citation/Red List version | | Echiostachys incanus (Thunb.) Levyns | VU A2ac; B1ab(ii,iii,iv,v) | Raimondo et al. (2009) | |
Bibliography |
Goldblatt, P. and Manning, J.C. 2000. Cape Plants: A conspectus of the Cape Flora of South Africa. Strelitzia 9. National Botanical Institute, Cape Town.
Raimondo, D., von Staden, L., Foden, W., Victor, J.E., Helme, N.A., Turner, R.C., Kamundi, D.A. and Manyama, P.A. 2009. Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
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Citation |
| Helme, N.A. & Raimondo, D. 2019. Echiostachys incanus (Thunb.) Levyns. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version . Accessed on 2025/04/14 |
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