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Scientific Name | Strumaria villosa Snijman |
Higher Classification | Monocotyledons |
Family | AMARYLLIDACEAE |
National Status |
Status and Criteria | Vulnerable A4bd; B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v) |
Assessment Date | 2022/08/18 |
Assessor(s) | D.A. Snijman, N.N. Mhlongo & L. Jabar |
Justification | This species has a limited distribution range and has an extent of occurrence (EOO) of 1163 km ², and an area of occupancy (AOO) of 28 km². It is estimated to occur at between 5 and 10 locations and the population is declining due to illegal harvesting, overgrazing and trampling by livestock. The population is suspected to have experienced a decline of 30% over the past 20 years (two generations) with a further 10% decline suspected over the next 10 years. It therefore qualifies as Vulnerable under criteria A and B. |
Distribution |
Endemism | South African endemic |
Provincial distribution | Northern Cape |
Range | This species is endemic to the Northern Cape Province, where it occurs from Eksteenfontein to Steinkopf. |
Habitat and Ecology |
Major system | Terrestrial |
Major habitats | Anenous Plateau Shrubland, Kosiesberg Succulent Shrubland, Rooiberg Quartz Vygieveld, Namaqualand Klipkoppe Shrubland |
Description | Plants grow in quartz flats and on lower slopes in succulent karoo shrubland. |
Threats |
| The population is declining rapidly as a result of illegal collection with 2399 plants included in confiscations in August 2022, many more are likely to have been removed from the wild but not intercepted by law enforcement efforts. Overgrazing and trampling by livestock is an additional threat to this species. |
Population |
This species is known from only a few collections, but from a remote area, and is likely to be overlooked and more common than records suggest. It is locally abundant in places. Subpopulations in communally owned rangelands are declining due to livestock overgrazing and trampling. The overall population is also declining due to illegal collection for the specialist horticulture trade. A 30-40% decline over a three generation period is suspected, starting in 2012 and ending in 2032.
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Population trend | Decreasing |
Assessment History |
Taxon assessed |
Status and Criteria |
Citation/Red List version | | Strumaria villosa Snijman | VU B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v) | 2015.1 | | Strumaria villosa Snijman | Rare | Raimondo et al. (2009) | | Strumaria villosa Snijman | Lower Risk - Least Concern | Victor (2002) | | Strumaria villosa Snijman | Rare | Hilton-Taylor (1996) | |
Bibliography |
Hilton-Taylor, C. 1996. Red data list of southern African plants. Strelitzia 4. South African National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
Raimondo, D., von Staden, L., Foden, W., Victor, J.E., Helme, N.A., Turner, R.C., Kamundi, D.A. and Manyama, P.A. 2009. Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
Snijman, D.A. 1992. Notes on the Strumariinae (Amaryllidaceae : Amaryllideae): six new taxa in Strumaria and Hessea from the central and northwestern Cape, South Africa, and southern Namibia. Bothalia 22(1):1-11.
Snijman, D.A. 1992. Systematic studies in the tribe Amaryllidae (Amaryllidaceae). Unpublished Ph.D., University of Cape Town.
Snijman, D.A. 1994. Systematics of Hessea, Strumaria and Carpolyza (Amaryllideae: Amaryllidaceae). Contributions from the Bolus Herbarium 16:1-162.
Victor, J.E. 2002. South Africa. In: J.S. Golding (ed), Southern African plant Red Data Lists. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report 14 (pp. 93-120), SABONET, Pretoria.
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Citation |
| Snijman, D.A., Mhlongo, N.N. & Jabar, L. 2022. Strumaria villosa Snijman. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version . Accessed on 2025/04/14 |
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