Taxonomy
Scientific Name
Habenaria bicolor Conrath & Kraenzl.
Higher Classification
Monocotyledons
Family
ORCHIDACEAE
National Status
Status and Criteria
Near Threatened B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)
Assessment Date
2009/08/13
Assessor(s)
J.E. Victor
Justification
It has a restricted range within South Africa (EOO < 1200 km², AOO < 500 km²). There are 10-20 locations with a continuing decline in habitat due to urban expansion in Gauteng.
Distribution
Endemism
Not endemic to South Africa
Provincial distribution
Gauteng, Mpumalanga
Range
Gauteng and near Middelburg in Mpumalanga. Also known from two records from Zimbabwe.
Habitat and Ecology
Major system
Terrestrial
Major habitats
Tsakane Clay Grassland, Soweto Highveld Grassland, Rand Highveld Grassland, Carletonville Dolomite Grassland
Description
Well-drained grasslands at around 1600 m in South Africa.
Threats
Urban expansion, habitat transformation, degradation and destruction are severe threats in Gauteng and are causing ongoing declines.
Population
Population trend
Decreasing
Conservation
Suikerbosrand Nature Reserve Rietvlei Nature Reserve.
Assessment History
Taxon assessed
Status and Criteria
Citation/Red List version
Habenaria bicolor Conrath & Kraenzl.NT B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)Raimondo et al. (2009)
Habenaria bicolor Conrath & Kraenzl.Near Threatened Pfab and Victor (2002)
Habenaria bicolor Conrath & Kraenzl.Lower Risk - Near Threatened Victor (2002)
Habenaria bicolor Conrath & Kraenzl.Rare Hilton-Taylor (1996)
Bibliography

Archer, C. and Condy, G. 2005. Habenaria bicolor and Habenaria kraenzliniana. Flowering Plants of Africa 59:52-59.


Hilton-Taylor, C. 1996. Red data list of southern African plants. Strelitzia 4. South African National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.


La Croix, I. and Cribb, P.J. 1995. Orchidaceae. In: G.V. Pope (ed). Flora Zambesiaca 11 (Part 1):1-320. Flora Zambesiaca Managing Committee, London.


Linder, H.P. and Kurzweil, H. 1999. Orchids of southern Africa. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam.


Pfab, M.F. and Victor, J.E. 2002. Threatened plants of Gauteng, South Africa. South African Journal of Botany 68:370-375.


Raimondo, D., von Staden, L., Foden, W., Victor, J.E., Helme, N.A., Turner, R.C., Kamundi, D.A. and Manyama, P.A. 2009. Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.


Retief, E. and Herman, P.P.J. 1997. Plants of the northern provinces of South Africa: keys and diagnostic characters. Strelitzia 6. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.


Victor, J.E. 2002. South Africa. In: J.S. Golding (ed), Southern African plant Red Data Lists. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report 14 (pp. 93-120), SABONET, Pretoria.


Citation
Victor, J.E. 2009. Habenaria bicolor Conrath & Kraenzl. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version . Accessed on 2025/04/13

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