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Scientific Name | Chrysocoma esterhuyseniae Ehr.Bayer |
Higher Classification | Dicotyledons |
Family | ASTERACEAE |
National Status |
Status and Criteria | Critically Endangered A2bc; C2a(ii) |
Assessment Date | 2011/06/10 |
Assessor(s) | N.A. Helme & D. Raimondo |
Justification | EOO <24 km², with only two extant subpopulations known. This long-lived resprouter's EOO has been reduced by 97% due to habitat loss to crop cultivation, urban development and severe infestations of alien plants in the past 90 years, and it is now locally extinct at more than 80% of recorded locations. Generation length is estimated to be ± 50 years. There are fewer than 200 individuals recorded for the population, of which 90% occurs at Riverlands Nature Reserve. Both remaining subpopulations are declining due to habitat degradation due to invasion by alien acacias. |
Distribution |
Endemism | South African endemic |
Provincial distribution | Western Cape |
Range | Hopefield to Melkbosstrand. |
Habitat and Ecology |
Major system | Terrestrial |
Major habitats | Cape Flats Sand Fynbos, Atlantis Sand Fynbos, Hopefield Sand Fynbos |
Description | Acid lowland sands. |
Threats |
| Agriculture is a severe past threat, more than 80% of this species' habitat has been transformed for pasture and crop cultivation.
Urban expansion is a past threat in the form of smallholdings around Mamre and Atlantis.
Invasive alien plant infestations are a severe ongoing threat. |
Population |
Ninety percent of the population occurs in Riverlands Nature Reserve. The number of mature individuals in Riverlands is estimated to be 100, these occur as scattered localized stands. The subpopulation south of Hopefield has only nine plants.
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Population trend | Decreasing |
Assessment History |
Taxon assessed |
Status and Criteria |
Citation/Red List version | | Chrysocoma esterhuyseniae Ehr.Bayer | CR A2bc; B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii) | Raimondo et al. (2009) | | Chrysocoma esterhuyseniae Ehr.Bayer | VU D2 | Victor (2002) | | Chrysocoma esterhuyseniae Ehr.Bayer | Insufficiently Known | Hilton-Taylor (1996) | |
Bibliography |
Bayer, E. 1981. Revision der Gattung Chrysocoma L. (Asteraceae-Astereae). Mitteilungen der Botanischen Staatssammlung München 17:259-392.
Goldblatt, P. and Manning, J.C. 2000. Cape Plants: A conspectus of the Cape Flora of South Africa. Strelitzia 9. National Botanical Institute, Cape Town.
Hilton-Taylor, C. 1996. Red data list of southern African plants. Strelitzia 4. South African National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
Raimondo, D., von Staden, L., Foden, W., Victor, J.E., Helme, N.A., Turner, R.C., Kamundi, D.A. and Manyama, P.A. 2009. Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
Victor, J.E. 2002. South Africa. In: J.S. Golding (ed), Southern African plant Red Data Lists. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report 14 (pp. 93-120), SABONET, Pretoria.
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Citation |
| Helme, N.A. & Raimondo, D. 2011. Chrysocoma esterhuyseniae Ehr.Bayer. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version . Accessed on 2025/04/14 |
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