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Scientific Name | Serruria incrassata Meisn. |
Higher Classification | Dicotyledons |
Family | PROTEACEAE |
Common Names | Sliver-paw Spiderhead (e) |
National Status |
Status and Criteria | Endangered B1ab(ii,iii,iv,v)+2ab(ii,iii,iv,v) |
Assessment Date | 2020/06/29 |
Assessor(s) | A.G. Rebelo, H. Mtshali & L. von Staden |
Justification | Serruria incrassata has a very restricted range, with an extent of occurrence (EOO) of 553-583 km², and an area of occupancy (AOO) of 60- 72 km². The majority of this species' lowland habitat has been transformed. Between eight and 10 severely fragmented subpopulations remain on isolated Fynbos and Renosterveld fragments. It continues to decline due to ongoing habitat loss and degradation and therefore qualifies for listing as Endangered under criterion B. |
Distribution |
Endemism | South African endemic |
Provincial distribution | Western Cape |
Range | This species has a limited distribution in the Western Cape Province of South Africa, where it occurs in the Swartland between Paarl and Moorreesburg. |
Habitat and Ecology |
Major system | Terrestrial |
Major habitats | Swartland Shale Renosterveld, Swartland Granite Renosterveld, Boland Granite Fynbos |
Description | It grows in granite and heavy shale soils, 50-650 m. It is a long-lived species, and survives fires by resprouting from underground boles or rootstocks. Seeds are released after ripening, and dispersed by ants to their underground nests, where they are protected from predation and fire. It is pollinated by insects. |
Threats |
| About 86% of this species' habitat is already transformed, predominantly for crop cultivation and golf courses. The remaining subpopulations are threatened by ongoing habitat degradation as a result of agricultural runoff (herbicides and fertilizer), overgrazing due to overstocking of small fragments, lack of fire, competition from alien invasive plants and mining. |
Population |
It is known from nine subpopulations that continue to decline due to ongoing habitat degradation. As most subpopulations are small and isolated, the population is considered severely fragmented. The population is declining due to ongoing habitat degradation.
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Population trend | Decreasing |
Conservation |
| It is not currently conserved in any formally protected area. |
Assessment History |
Taxon assessed |
Status and Criteria |
Citation/Red List version | | Serruria incrassata Meisn. | EN A2c; B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)+2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) | Raimondo et al. (2009) | | Serruria incrassata Meisn. | Vulnerable | Hilton-Taylor (1996) | | Serruria incrassata Meisn. | Indeterminate | Hall et al. (1980) | |
Bibliography |
Goldblatt, P. and Manning, J.C. 2000. Cape Plants: A conspectus of the Cape Flora of South Africa. Strelitzia 9. National Botanical Institute, Cape Town.
Hall, A.V., De Winter, M., De Winter, B. and Van Oosterhout, S.A.M. 1980. Threatened plants of southern Africa. South African National Scienctific Programmes Report 45. CSIR, Pretoria.
Hilton-Taylor, C. 1996. Red data list of southern African plants. Strelitzia 4. South African National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
Manning, J.C. and Goldblatt, P. 2012. Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region 1: The Core Cape Flora. Strelitzia 29. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
Raimondo, D., von Staden, L., Foden, W., Victor, J.E., Helme, N.A., Turner, R.C., Kamundi, D.A. and Manyama, P.A. 2009. Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
Rebelo, T. 2001. Sasol Proteas: A field guide to the proteas of southern Africa. (2nd ed.). Fernwood Press, Vlaeberg, Cape Town.
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Citation |
| Rebelo, A.G., Mtshali, H. & von Staden, L. 2020. Serruria incrassata Meisn. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version . Accessed on 2025/04/14 |
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