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Scientific Name | Sparaxis maculosa Goldblatt |
Higher Classification | Monocotyledons |
Family | IRIDACEAE |
Common Names | Darkcentre Satinflower (e) |
National Status |
Status and Criteria | Endangered B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v); C2a(i) |
Assessment Date | 2021/09/16 |
Assessor(s) | P. Goldblatt, C. von Witt, D. Raimondo, L. von Staden & T. Patel |
Justification | This is an extremely localized species, with an extent of occurrence (EOO) of 53 km² and area of occupancy (AOO) of 16 km². It is known from five extant locations. The population is small, estimated to number fewer than 400 mature individuals, with the largest subpopulation consisting of around 100 mature individuals. It continues to decline due to ongoing habitat loss and degradation, as well as competition from alien invasive plants, and is therefore listed as Endangered under criteria B and C. |
Distribution |
Endemism | South African endemic |
Provincial distribution | Western Cape |
Range | It is endemic to South Africa, and is only known from a few farms north of Villiersdorp in Western Cape. |
Habitat and Ecology |
Major system | Terrestrial |
Major habitats | Robertson Karoo, Breede Shale Renosterveld, Breede Quartzite Fynbos, Breede Sand Fynbos |
Description | It occurs in heavy clay in renosterveld. |
Threats |
| At least 53% of this species' habitat is already irreversibly modified (calculated using landcover data in GIS), with loss predominantly to crop cultivation and dam construction. Habitat loss and degradation continues around the Brandvlei-Kwaggaskloof dams due to overfilling of the dam (A. le Roux pers. obs.), and elsewhere due to overgrazing and continued agricultural expansion. Competition from alien invasive grasses is threatening plants in at least one known location (C. von Witt pers. obs.). |
Population |
It has a very limited range, and within this area it is known from only three to four subpopulations. Subpopulations are small, ranging from 10 mature individuals, to around 100 mature individuals. The population size is therefore estimated to be no more than 400 mature individuals. The population has a decreasing trend.
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Population trend | Decreasing |
Assessment History |
Taxon assessed |
Status and Criteria |
Citation/Red List version | | Sparaxis maculosa Goldblatt | EN B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v); C2a(i) | 2015.1 | | Sparaxis maculosa Goldblatt | CR B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii) | Raimondo et al. (2009) | | Sparaxis maculosa Goldblatt | Endangered | Hilton-Taylor (1996) | |
Bibliography |
De Vos, M.P. 1999. Ixia. In: O.A. Leistner (ed). Flora of Southern Africa 7 Iridaceae Part 2: Ixioideae, Fascicle 1: Ixieae:3-87. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
Goldblatt, P. and Manning, J.C. 2000. Cape Plants: A conspectus of the Cape Flora of South Africa. Strelitzia 9. National Botanical Institute, Cape Town.
Goldblatt, P. and Manning, J.C. 2013. Systematics and biology of the Cape genus Sparaxis (Iridaceae). Strelitzia 32. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
Hilton-Taylor, C. 1996. Red data list of southern African plants. Strelitzia 4. South African National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
Raimondo, D., von Staden, L., Foden, W., Victor, J.E., Helme, N.A., Turner, R.C., Kamundi, D.A. and Manyama, P.A. 2009. Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
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Citation |
| Goldblatt, P., von Witt, C., Raimondo, D., von Staden, L. & Patel, T. 2021. Sparaxis maculosa Goldblatt. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version . Accessed on 2025/05/09 |
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