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Scientific Name | Sparaxis grandiflora (D.Delaroche) Ker Gawl. subsp. fimbriata (Lam.) Goldblatt |
Higher Classification | Monocotyledons |
Family | IRIDACEAE |
Synonyms | Ixia fimbriata Lam., Ixia lacera L. ex Ker Gawl., Ixia liliago DC., Ixia sparsa Mill., Sparaxis anemonaeflora in sense of Eckl., not of Jacq. (misapplied name), Sparaxis fimbriata (Lam.) Ker Gawl., Sparaxis grandiflora (D.Delaroche) Ker Gawl. var. liliago (DC.) Ker Gawl., Sparaxis grandiflora (D.Delaroche) Ker Gawl. var. striata Sweet, Sparaxis lacera Ker Gawl., Sparaxis liliago (DC.) Sweet |
Common Names | Fringe Grand Satinflower (e) |
National Status |
Status and Criteria | Near Threatened B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)+2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) |
Assessment Date | 2021/09/15 |
Assessor(s) | P. Goldblatt, J.C. Manning, L. von Staden & T. Patel |
Justification | This taxon has an extent of occurrence (EOO) of 10 913 km², and an area of occupancy (AOO) of 220 km². There are 20-25 remaining locations, which continue to decline due to ongoing habitat loss and degradation, as well as competition from alien unmanaged invasive plants. It almost meets criteria B to be listed as Vulnerable, and is therefore listed as Near Threatened. |
Distribution |
Endemism | South African endemic |
Provincial distribution | Western Cape |
Range | It is endemic to the Western Cape province of South Africa, and is found from the Cape Peninsula and Somerset West in the south through the Boland and Swartland to the Piketberg in the north. There is also an outlying subpopulation with purple flowers reported to have been collected north of Graafwater. |
Habitat and Ecology |
Major system | Terrestrial |
Major habitats | Swartland Shale Renosterveld, Peninsula Shale Renosterveld, Swartland Granite Renosterveld, Peninsula Granite Fynbos, Boland Granite Fynbos, Swartland Alluvium Fynbos |
Description | It occurs in clay flats and slopes that are often waterlogged in winter. |
Threats |
| Only 28% of this subspecies' habitat remains intact (calculated using landcover data in GIS) after extensive loss to crop cultivation and urban expansion. As a result, its habitat has been reduced to small fragments, most of which are degraded and infested with unmanaged alien invasive plants. Habitat loss and degradation continues. |
Population |
It is a formerly widespread and common subspecies, however, the population has been much reduced by extensive habitat loss across its range, and the population continues to decline. It is now locally extinct at many sites known through historical records, but recent observations indicate that it is still fairly common, remaining at between 20-25 locations. Most of these are however small, isolated and severely degraded fragments of natural vegetation. Less than 10 plants were observed in Bellville and the City of Cape Town in 2021; Less than 250 plants were observed in Somerset West in 2020; Less than 50 plants were again observed in Somerset west in 2020. Less than 10 plants were noted in Signal Hill in 2020, Less than 10 plants were observed in Helderberg Nature Reserve in 2020. Less than 100 plants were found in Moddervlei Wetland in 2019 while less than 100 plants could be observed in Tygerberg Nature Reserve. Less than 50 plants were found in Langerug in 2017, less than 10 plants were found in the former military arsenal in 2015, Tygerberg Hill in 2014 and Tygerberg Nature Reserve in 2013.
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Population trend | Decreasing |
Assessment History |
Taxon assessed |
Status and Criteria |
Citation/Red List version | | Sparaxis grandiflora (D.Delaroche) Ker Gawl. subsp. fimbriata (Lam.) Goldblatt | NT B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) | 2015.1 | | Sparaxis grandiflora (D.Delaroche) Ker Gawl. subsp. fimbriata (Lam.) Goldblatt | Least Concern | Raimondo et al. (2009) | |
Bibliography |
Goldblatt, P. and Manning, J.C. 2013. Systematics and biology of the Cape genus Sparaxis (Iridaceae). Strelitzia 32. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
Raimondo, D., von Staden, L., Foden, W., Victor, J.E., Helme, N.A., Turner, R.C., Kamundi, D.A. and Manyama, P.A. 2009. Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
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Citation |
| Goldblatt, P., Manning, J.C., von Staden, L. & Patel, T. 2021. Sparaxis grandiflora (D.Delaroche) Ker Gawl. subsp. fimbriata (Lam.) Goldblatt. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version . Accessed on 2025/05/28 |
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