| Scientific Name | Ilex mitis (L.) Radlk. var. mitis | Higher Classification | Dicotyledons | Family | AQUIFOLIACEAE | Synonyms | Ilex capensis Sond. | Common Names | African Holly (e), Cape Holly (e), Iphuphuma (z), Isidumo (z), Isidumo (x), Libota (sw), Litota (sw), Mofusata (ss), Monamane (ns), Motoo A Phofu (ss), Mutanzwa-khamelo (v), Phugile (ss), Phukgu (ss), Phukhu (ss), Umduma (x), Unduduma (x), Unduma (z), Unduma (x), Water Pear (e), Water Tree (e), Waterboom (a), Waterhout (a), Waterpeer (a), Water-tree (e), White Wood (e), Wild Holly (e), Witboom (a), Without (a), Withoutboom (a), Witteboom (a), Wittehout (a), Witwaterboom (a), Witwaterhout (e), Witwaterhout (a) |
National Status | Status and Criteria | Least Concern | Assessment Date | 2016/06/28 | Assessor(s) | V.L. Williams, D. Raimondo, N.R. Crouch, A.B. Cunningham, C.R. Scott-Shaw, M. Lötter & A.M. Ngwenya | Justification | This taxon has experienced notable declines in the Eastern Cape due to bark-stripping for the medicinal plant trade. It is not severely impacted in the rest of its South African range. |
Distribution | Endemism | Not endemic to South Africa | Provincial distribution | Eastern Cape, Free State, Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo, Mpumalanga, North West, Western Cape | Range | Widespread from Table Mountain in the Western Cape to Ethiopia and also Madagascar. |
Habitat and Ecology | Major system | Terrestrial | Major habitats | Albany Thicket, Forest, Fynbos, Grassland, Indian Ocean Coastal Belt, Savanna | Description | Along rivers and streams in forest and thickets, sometimes in the open. Found from sea level to inland mountain slopes. |
Population | Population trend | Decreasing |
Assessment History |
Taxon assessed |
Status and Criteria |
Citation/Red List version | | Ilex mitis (L.) Radlk. var. mitis | Declining | Raimondo et al. (2009) | |
Bibliography | Boon, R. 2010. Pooley's Trees of eastern South Africa. Flora and Fauna Publications Trust, Durban.
Cunningham, A.B. 1988. An investigation of the herbal medicine trade in Natal/KwaZulu. Investigational Report No. 29. Institute of Natural Resources, Pietermaritzburg.
Dold, A.P. and Cocks, M.L. 2002. The trade in medicinal plants in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. South African Journal of Science 98:589-597.
Palmer, E. and Pitman, N. 1972. Trees of southern Africa covering all known indigenous species in the Republic of South Africa, South-West Africa, Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland. Volume 2. A.A.Balkema, Cape Town.
Raimondo, D., von Staden, L., Foden, W., Victor, J.E., Helme, N.A., Turner, R.C., Kamundi, D.A. and Manyama, P.A. 2009. Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
Schmidt, E., Lotter, M. and McCleland, W. 2002. Trees and shrubs of Mpumalanga and Kruger National Park. Jacana, Johannesburg.
Von Breytenbach, F. and Von Breytenbach, J. 1983. Notes on the natural forests of Transkei. Journal of Dendrology 3(1&2):17-53.
Williams, V.L. 2007. The design of a risk assessment model to determine the impact of the herbal medicine trade on the Witwatersrand on resources of indigenous plant species. Unpublished PhD Thesis, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg.
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Citation | | Williams, V.L., Raimondo, D., Crouch, N.R., Cunningham, A.B., Scott-Shaw, C.R., Lötter, M. & Ngwenya, A.M. 2016. Ilex mitis (L.) Radlk. var. mitis. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version . Accessed on 2025/05/14 |
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