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Scientific Name | Satyrium rhodanthum Schltr. |
Higher Classification | Monocotyledons |
Family | ORCHIDACEAE |
Synonyms | Satyrium longicauda Lindl. x S. neglectum ssp. woodii (Schltr.) A.V.Hall |
National Status |
Status and Criteria | Endangered B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)+2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) |
Assessment Date | 2015/06/15 |
Assessor(s) | H. Mtshali |
Justification | A range-restricted species (EOO 43 km²) that has lost most of its habitat to forestry plantations and housing development. It is currently known from two locations where there is continuous habitat degradation by invasive plants. |
Distribution |
Endemism | South African endemic |
Provincial distribution | KwaZulu-Natal |
Range | Ixopo and Dumisa. |
Habitat and Ecology |
Major system | Terrestrial |
Major habitats | KwaZulu-Natal Sandstone Sourveld, Midlands Mistbelt Grassland, Moist Coast Hinterland Grassland |
Description | Damp mistbelt grassland. |
Threats |
| All known subpopulations of this species occur in areas that are extensively transformed by forestry plantations and agriculture and degraded by invasive plants. They are likely to continue to decline due to ongoing habitat loss and degradation as a result of expanding plantations, agriculture, and human settlement. |
Population |
This species is known from two extensive subpopulations, both consisting of more than 1000 individuals.
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Population trend | Decreasing |
Conservation |
| Not currently conserved in any formally protected area. |
Notes |
| This poorly known species, which previously was known only from a few collections made in the early 1900's in KwaZulu-Natal (Bolus 1928), was classified as a hybrid of S. longicauda and S. neglectum ssp. woodii and subsequently neglected. It was not collected for many years, but after a population was rediscovered near Ixopo in Natal in 1995 (Townsend 2001), it was reinstated as a species by Linder and Kurzweil (1999). |
Assessment History |
Taxon assessed |
Status and Criteria |
Citation/Red List version | | Satyrium rhodanthum Schltr. | EN B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)+2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) | 2015.1 | | Satyrium rhodanthum Schltr. | CR B1ab(i,ii,iii) | Raimondo et al. (2009) | | Satyrium rhodanthum Schltr. | EN A1cB1B2abc | Victor (2002) | | Satyrium rhodanthum Schltr. | EN | Scott-Shaw (1999) | | Satyrium rhodanthum Schltr. | Endangered | Hilton-Taylor (1996) | | Satyrium rhodanthum Schltr. | Uncertain | Hall et al. (1980) | |
Bibliography |
Bolus, H.M.L. 1928. South African orchids. Annals of the Bolus Herbarium 4:62-67.
Hall, A.V., De Winter, M., De Winter, B. and Van Oosterhout, S.A.M. 1980. Threatened plants of southern Africa. South African National Scienctific Programmes Report 45. CSIR, Pretoria.
Hilton-Taylor, C. 1996. Red data list of southern African plants. Strelitzia 4. South African National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
Linder, H.P. and Kurzweil, H. 1999. Orchids of southern Africa. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam.
Raimondo, D., von Staden, L., Foden, W., Victor, J.E., Helme, N.A., Turner, R.C., Kamundi, D.A. and Manyama, P.A. 2009. Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
Scott-Shaw, C.R. 1999. Rare and threatened plants of KwaZulu-Natal and neighbouring regions. KwaZulu-Natal Nature Conservation Service, Pietermaritzburg.
Townsend, A. 2001. Satyrium rhodanthum: mythed or missed! Orchids South Africa 32:68-73.
Victor, J.E. 2002. South Africa. In: J.S. Golding (ed), Southern African plant Red Data Lists. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report 14 (pp. 93-120), SABONET, Pretoria.
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Citation |
| Mtshali, H. 2015. Satyrium rhodanthum Schltr. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version . Accessed on 2024/12/08 |
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