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Scientific Name | Acmadenia alternifolia Cham. |
Higher Classification | Dicotyledons |
Family | RUTACEAE |
National Status |
Status and Criteria | Vulnerable B1ab(ii,iii,iv)+2ab(ii,iii,iv) |
Assessment Date | 2023/02/24 |
Assessor(s) | D. Raimondo, J.E. Victor & S.L. Hutchinson |
Justification | This species has an extent of occurrence (EOO) of 1357 km² and is known from a minimum of 10 locations. It is declining in some parts of its range due to loss of habitat to invasive alien plants. The habitat in which it grows is mostly not suitable for housing development although this may have been a cause of decline in the past. It is therefore listed as Vulnerable under criterion B. |
Distribution |
Endemism | South African endemic |
Provincial distribution | Western Cape |
Range | This species is very restricted along the coastal headlands from Plettenberg Bay in the East to Knysna in the West, and 10-30 km inland from the coast north of Nature's Valley in the East to Bergplaas north of Sedgefield in the West. |
Habitat and Ecology |
Major system | Terrestrial |
Major habitats | Tsitsikamma Sandstone Fynbos, South Outeniqua Sandstone Fynbos, Garden Route Shale Fynbos, Goukamma Dune Thicket |
Description | Plants grow on slopes in exposed positions in coastal headlands and inland. |
Threats |
| Forestry is a past threat around Harkerville. The subpopulation above Stevens Bank in the Harkerville forestry area has declined due to disturbance (quarrying) of the headland. Coastal development is a severe ongoing threat around Plettenberg Bay, especially in the area east of the Keurbooms River. Invasive alien plants are an ongoing threat throughout this species' range. |
Population |
There has been a past population decline due to habitat loss to plantations and urban development. Two of the 11 recorded subpopulations have been lost and the existence of four is uncertain. Data for four subpopulations show that most are small (10-50 mature individuals) while one subpopulation has more than 1000 individuals.
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Population trend | Decreasing |
Assessment History |
Taxon assessed |
Status and Criteria |
Citation/Red List version | | Acmadenia alternifolia Cham. | EN B1ab(ii,iii)+2ab(ii,iii) | 2012.1 | | Acmadenia alternifolia Cham. | EN B1ab(ii,iii,iv,v)+2ab(ii,iii,iv,v) | Raimondo et al. (2009) | | Acmadenia alternifolia Cham. | VU B1B2bcd | Victor (2002) | | Acmadenia alternifolia Cham. | Rare | Hilton-Taylor (1996) | | Acmadenia alternifolia Cham. | Uncertain | Hall et al. (1980) | |
Bibliography |
Goldblatt, P. and Manning, J.C. 2000. Cape Plants: A conspectus of the Cape Flora of South Africa. Strelitzia 9. National Botanical Institute, Cape Town.
Hall, A.V., De Winter, M., De Winter, B. and Van Oosterhout, S.A.M. 1980. Threatened plants of southern Africa. South African National Scienctific Programmes Report 45. CSIR, Pretoria.
Hilton-Taylor, C. 1996. Red data list of southern African plants. Strelitzia 4. South African National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
Raimondo, D., von Staden, L., Foden, W., Victor, J.E., Helme, N.A., Turner, R.C., Kamundi, D.A. and Manyama, P.A. 2009. Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
Victor, J.E. 2002. South Africa. In: J.S. Golding (ed), Southern African plant Red Data Lists. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report 14 (pp. 93-120), SABONET, Pretoria.
Williams, I. 1982. Studies in the genera of the Diosmeae (Rutaceae): 13. A revision of the genus Acmadenia. Journal of South African Botany 48(2):169-240.
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Citation |
| Raimondo, D., Victor, J.E. & Hutchinson, S.L. 2023. Acmadenia alternifolia Cham. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version . Accessed on 2025/05/21 |
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