| Scientific Name | Skiatophytum skiatophytoides (Leistner) Klak | Higher Classification | Dicotyledons | Family | AIZOACEAE | Synonyms | Caryotophora skiatophytoides Leistner, Mesembryanthemum expansum Thunb. (later homonym), not of L. (1759), Mesembryanthemum tripolium L., Skiatophytum tripolium (L.) L.Bolus |
National Status | Status and Criteria | Vulnerable B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) | Assessment Date | 2016/11/03 | Assessor(s) | L. von Staden, C. Klak & D. Raimondo | Justification | EOO 18 174 km², between 15 and 20 severely fragmented subpopulations continue to decline due to ongoing habitat loss and degradation, as well as competition from unmanaged alien invasive plants. |
Distribution | Endemism | South African endemic | Provincial distribution | Western Cape | Range | Clanwilliam to the Cape Peninsula and Agulhas Plain. |
Habitat and Ecology | Major system | Terrestrial | Major habitats | Breede Quartzite Fynbos, Swartland Alluvium Fynbos, Cape Flats Sand Fynbos, Hangklip Sand Fynbos, Agulhas Sand Fynbos, Breede Sand Fynbos, Boland Granite Fynbos, Breede Alluvium Fynbos, Agulhas Limestone Fynbos, Overberg Dune Strandveld, Hawequas Sandstone Fynbos, Kogelberg Sandstone Fynbos, Overberg Sandstone Fynbos, Olifants Sandstone Fynbos, Cederberg Sandstone Fynbos, Piketberg Sandstone Fynbos, Peninsula Sandstone Fynbos, Peninsula Granite Fynbos | Description | Lowland coastal fynbos, on sandy flats. |
Threats | | This species has suffered extensive habitat loss to crop cultivation in the Olifants River Valley, the eastern Swartland, Breede and Berg River valleys. Only small remnants of suitable vegetation remains unploughed in these areas, and these continue to be lost and degraded due to ongoing development, spreading alien invasive plants, and inappropriate fire management. In the Wemmershoek area, Jonkershoek, as well as on the Cape Peninsula, where this species generally occurs in granite fynbos on lower slopes, it has lost extensive habitat to timber plantations, but this threat has largely ceased. The most severe ongoing threats on the Cape Peninsula are habitat loss to urban expansion and competition from alien invasive plants. On the Agulhas Plain, much of this species' habitat is severely infested with alien invasive plants, which are outcompeting native species. |
Population | Skiatophytum skiatophytoides is a formerly widespread and common species that has declined due to extensive loss of its lowland coastal habitat. Recent field observations indicate that it is still fairly common in the Berg River Valley north-west of Franschhoek, and on the Agulhas Plain, but subpopulations tend to be small, and are often confined to isolated remnants of natural vegetation. It has been recently recorded at at least 14 locations, and at four of these sites, subpopulations consist of 100 or less mature individuals. Extant habitat remains at a further eight locations known through historical records, and these still need to be surveyed to determine whether plants survive at these sites or not. Due to extensive habitat loss and fragmentation, the majority of the remaining population occurs in small, isolated subpopulations, and it is therefore considered severely fragmented. The population continues to decline due to ongoing habitat loss and degradation.
| Population trend | Decreasing |
Assessment History |
Taxon assessed |
Status and Criteria |
Citation/Red List version | | Skiatophytum skiatophytoides (Leistner) Klak | VU B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) | 2017.1 | | Caryotophora skiatophytoides Leistner | EN D | Raimondo et al. (2009) | | Skiatophytum tripolium (L.) L.Bolus | VU B1ab(ii,iii,iv,v) | Raimondo et al. (2009) | | Caryotophora skiatophytoides Leistner | Rare | Hilton-Taylor (1996) | | Caryotophora skiatophytoides Leistner | Rare | Hall et al. (1980) | |
Bibliography | Goldblatt, P. and Manning, J.C. 2000. Cape Plants: A conspectus of the Cape Flora of South Africa. Strelitzia 9. National Botanical Institute, Cape Town.
Hall, A.V., De Winter, M., De Winter, B. and Van Oosterhout, S.A.M. 1980. Threatened plants of southern Africa. South African National Scienctific Programmes Report 45. CSIR, Pretoria.
Hilton-Taylor, C. 1996. Red data list of southern African plants. Strelitzia 4. South African National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
Klak, C., Hanácek, P. and Bruyns, P.V. 2015. A phylogeny and revised classification for the Apatesieae (Aizoaceae: Ruschioideae) with a comparison of centres of diversity. Taxon 64(3):507-522.
Manning, J.C. and Goldblatt, P. 2012. Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region 1: The Core Cape Flora. Strelitzia 29. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
Raimondo, D., von Staden, L., Foden, W., Victor, J.E., Helme, N.A., Turner, R.C., Kamundi, D.A. and Manyama, P.A. 2009. Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
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Citation | | von Staden, L., Klak, C. & Raimondo, D. 2016. Skiatophytum skiatophytoides (Leistner) Klak. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version 2020.1. Accessed on 2020/07/03 |
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