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Scientific Name | Leucadendron arcuatum (Lam.) I.Williams |
Higher Classification | Dicotyledons |
Family | PROTEACEAE |
Synonyms | Leucadendron crassifolium R.Br., Leucadendron crassulaefolium (Salisb. ex Knight) I.Williams, Leucadendron spathulatum R.Br. |
Common Names | Red-edge Conebush (e) |
National Status |
Status and Criteria | Least Concern |
Assessment Date | 2019/04/12 |
Assessor(s) | A.G. Rebelo, H. Mtshali & L. von Staden |
Justification | Leucadendron arcuatum is a range-restricted species, with an extent of occurrence of 7108 km². Its habitat is mostly protected, and it has few significant threats. The population is large, and not suspected to be declining, and therefore this species is not in danger of extinction and is assessed as Least Concern. |
Distribution |
Endemism | South African endemic |
Provincial distribution | Western Cape |
Range | This species is endemic to a small area in the mountains of the Western Cape, from the Cederberg southwards to the Groot Winterhoek and Hex River mountains. |
Habitat and Ecology |
Major system | Terrestrial |
Major habitats | North Hex Sandstone Fynbos, Winterhoek Sandstone Fynbos, Cederberg Sandstone Fynbos, Olifants Sandstone Fynbos, Hawequas Sandstone Fynbos |
Description | It prefers stony sandstone soils in montane fynbos, 300-1900 m. It is a long-lived species, and survives fires by resprouting from underground boles or rootstocks. Seeds are released after ripening, and dispersed by ants to their underground nests, where they are protected from predation and fire. It is dioecious, with insect-pollinated male and female flowers occurring on separate plants. |
Threats |
| Most of this species' habitat is protected, and there are few significant threats to the population. A very small proportion (6%) of its habitat was lost to timber plantations in the past, but this threat has ceased as plantations are no longer expanding. Subpopulations near plantations are potentially threatened by competition from escaped pine seedlings if these are not managed. |
Population |
This species typically occurs in isolated patches of a few scattered plants, but subpopulations can be extensive, consisting of several thousand individuals.
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Population trend | Stable |
Assessment History |
Taxon assessed |
Status and Criteria |
Citation/Red List version | | Leucadendron arcuatum (Lam.) I.Williams | Least Concern | Raimondo et al. (2009) | |
Bibliography |
Goldblatt, P. and Manning, J.C. 2000. Cape Plants: A conspectus of the Cape Flora of South Africa. Strelitzia 9. National Botanical Institute, Cape Town.
Raimondo, D., von Staden, L., Foden, W., Victor, J.E., Helme, N.A., Turner, R.C., Kamundi, D.A. and Manyama, P.A. 2009. Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
Rebelo, T. 2001. Sasol Proteas: A field guide to the proteas of southern Africa. (2nd ed.). Fernwood Press, Vlaeberg, Cape Town.
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Citation |
| Rebelo, A.G., Mtshali, H. & von Staden, L. 2019. Leucadendron arcuatum (Lam.) I.Williams. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version . Accessed on 2025/05/13 |
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