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Scientific Name | Leucadendron laxum I.Williams |
Higher Classification | Dicotyledons |
Family | PROTEACEAE |
Common Names | Bredasdorp Conebush (e) |
National Status |
Status and Criteria | Endangered A2c |
Assessment Date | 2006/03/31 |
Assessor(s) | A.G. Rebelo, H. Mtshali & L. von Staden |
Justification | A population reduction of >50% is estimated based on 53% habitat loss in the past 60 years (generation length 20 years). Most remaining subpopulations occur on small fragments and disturbed watercourses between agricultural fields. It continues to decline due to ongoing habitat loss to vineyards. Alien plant invasion is threatening this species at a number of sites, but is being cleared. It is also threatened by wild flower harvesting, eutrophication, too frequent fire, overgrazing and road verge clearing. |
Distribution |
Endemism | South African endemic |
Provincial distribution | Western Cape |
Range | Hermanus to Agulhas. |
Habitat and Ecology |
Major system | Terrestrial |
Major habitats | Overberg Dune Strandveld, Agulhas Limestone Fynbos, Elim Ferricrete Fynbos, Agulhas Sand Fynbos |
Description | Leve, damp ground at the bottom of valleys, 20-200 m. Mature individuals are killed by fires, and only seeds survive. Seeds are stored in fire-resistant inflorescences, and released after fires. It is dioecious, with insect-pollinated male and female flowers occuring on separate plants. |
Threats |
| Pollution (affecting habitat and/or species), Invasive Alien Species (direct effects), Habitat loss, Habitat degradation, Harvesting [gathering] |
Population |
Population trend | Decreasing |
Assessment History |
Taxon assessed |
Status and Criteria |
Citation/Red List version | | Leucadendron laxum I.Williams | EN A2c | Raimondo et al. (2009) | | Leucadendron laxum I.Williams | Endangered | Hilton-Taylor (1996) | |
Bibliography |
Goldblatt, P. and Manning, J.C. 2000. Cape Plants: A conspectus of the Cape Flora of South Africa. Strelitzia 9. National Botanical Institute, Cape Town.
Hilton-Taylor, C. 1996. Red data list of southern African plants. Strelitzia 4. South African National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
Raimondo, D., von Staden, L., Foden, W., Victor, J.E., Helme, N.A., Turner, R.C., Kamundi, D.A. and Manyama, P.A. 2009. Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
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Citation |
| Rebelo, A.G., Mtshali, H. & von Staden, L. 2006. Leucadendron laxum I.Williams. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version 2020.1. Accessed on 2023/12/01 |
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